Gender and Seasonal Variation in Stress Cardiomyopathy: A 5-year Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Background

Previous observational studies have provided contradictory results on impact of seasonal variations and gender differences on outcomes of stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy (SC).

Methods

National Inpatient Sample 2016-2020 was queried to identify patients with SC. Temporal trends, seasonal variations, gender differences and outcomes were evaluated.

Results

There was an overall increase in the number of SC admissions during fall season (Figure A). While the number of female SC cases each year remained relatively the same, there was a 30% increase in the number of male SC cases from 2016 to 2020 (Figure B). Mortality was significantly higher in males as compared to females (11.4%-vs-5.6%, p< 0.001) with mortality rates highest in males during spring season admissions (12.8%) (Figure C). Cardiogenic shock (OR 7.31, p< 0.001) and stroke (OR 4.38, p=0.026) were found to be strong independent predictors of mortality (Figure D). Mean length of stay (LOS) and total hospital costs were significantly higher in males as compared to females (9.1-vs-6.4 days and $146,824-vs-$92,528 respectively, p< 0.01 for both).

Conclusion

SC cases were observed to have significant seasonal variability and gender-based variations in outcomes with significant differences in total number of SC admissions, mortality, LOS and total hospital costs.

First Page

646

DOI

10.1016/S0735-1097(24)02636-6

Publication Date

4-5-2024

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